There seems to be a common misconception regarding the terms "self-defense" and "street fighting".  Many will talk about the terms as if they are one in the same, when in fact nothing could be further from the truth.There are a variety of books out there and even internet discussion forums devoted to "street fighting". Unfortunately, few that promote the term actually understand what it is that they are promoting.

Let's begin with some simple definitions-

Street Fighting from Wikipedia-
"Street fighting is hand-to-hand fighting in public places, between individuals or groups of people."
"The main difference between street fighting and a self-defense situation is that a street fight is avoidable, whereas a self-defense situation is not. "

Self-Defense from online dictionary-
"The act of defending one's person when physically attacked, as by countering blows or overcoming an assailant: the art of self-defense."

As we look at the definition of "street fighting", especially the second statement we see the word that that clearly sets "street fighting" apart from "self-defense", and that word is 'avoidable'.  A "street fight" is what is commonly referred to at a symmetrical match fight. Everyone that is involved in a symmetrical match fight has agreed to be involved. They have provided consent, either verbally or implied. The typical scenario involves two or more guys. They begin with the pre-fight rituals of flaring their chests, flailing their arms, and pecking their heads. Typically this will include the exchange of verbal abuse and threats, leading up to the physical engagement. When all parties have agreed to participate in these rituals and engagements, not a single participant can claim "self-defense" by any legal definition. So, in other words, "street fighting" is about engaging in consensual combat. It's not any different than boxing or wrestling with the exception that it takes place on the street or in some public place.

"Self-defense" on the other hand is what is referred to as an asymmetrical assault. Generally during asymmetrical assaults, one person has initiated the attack and the intended victim has not provided consent in any way, shape, or form. They have been forced into the situation and generally look for opportunities of escape rather than engage the attacker in a physical manner.

So, "street fighting" can easily be avoided. It's a matter of avoiding those people and places that will likely lead to confrontation. If confrontation is expected, it's just a matter of walking away and choosing not to feed the ego. However, "self-defense" situations can often be avoided as well by simply using awareness and prevention strategies. Although, even if these strategies are regularly employed, there are no guarantees. In that case, escape should be the first priority and physical engagement should only be considered after all other options have been exhausted.

As you can see, there is is a difference between the two terms as well as the potential outcome for each. If effective self-defense and personal safety is what you seek, I suggest avoiding those instructors that promote the term "street fighting". Not only does the term confuse the student but it reflects negatively on the objective of the training and could even lead to legal ramifications should a person be forced to use their "street fighting" in defense of themselves or someone else.